Are students allowed to make notes?

A lecture is considered a copyrighted work, and notes taken from it represent a reproduction of that work. The reproduction of an author’s work for personal use is permitted in three copies. On this basis, students are allowed to make notes for their own use.

However, notes do not always constitute mere reproduction. If they include original elements, such as personal commentary, explanations, illustrations, diagrams, or interpretations of the lecture, they may themselves qualify as original works protected by copyright, belonging to the student.